Sampling can be a confusing process. One reason is that many of the words used to describe sampling may have different meanings, or several words may describe the same concept. This article uses a single meaning for each word. If several words describe the same concept, then the second word will be included in parentheses.
Sampling is part of a process that has two functions. It can be used to sample a process during operation or to sample the output of a process, such as a product lot. During sampling, the measurand (the object being measured) must be properly selected and properly transported to a location where the object or objects will be analyzed, and the results must be reported to the appropriate individuals. This article covers the systematic development of a sampling plan.